Airlock Allowlisting and Execution Control
Blocks anything not explicitly trusted from running, with tools to build and keep the trusted list current as software changes.
Any program that reaches a computer can run, including ransomware and the remote-access tools attackers bring with them.
Only software you have approved is allowed to run, and everything else is blocked by default. Modern tools learn what each machine already uses, so the approved list can be built without months of manual work. Some also limit what approved programs may do, for example stopping a document editor from starting PowerShell.
Most ransomware and hands-on-keyboard attacks need to run something new on the victim's computers: a malware file, a remote-access tool, a network scanner. Blocking unapproved software stops that whole class of attack, instead of trying to recognise each new variant, which is why the Australian Signals Directorate lists application control in its Essential Eight. The real cost is the approval process: if approving new software takes days, people will look for ways around it.
A starting point: set the owner and measure to fit your organisation.
Listed alphabetically by vendor. A listing is not a recommendation: use the questions above to compare them, or tick up to 3 to see them side by side.
Blocks anything not explicitly trusted from running, with tools to build and keep the trusted list current as software changes.
Application control built into Windows, formerly Windows Defender Application Control, with AppLocker as the older option. Policies can be managed through Intune.
Blocks any software that has not been approved, including ransomware and unapproved remote-access tools. A learning period builds the approved list first.
Limits what approved applications may do, such as which files, network locations and other programs they can reach, so a compromised application cannot be turned against you.
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